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Threat Model

Threats, impact and mitigations across clients, backend and supply chain.

Threats & mitigations

  • Seed phrase theft — on-device generation, encrypted vault, reveal behind PIN, screenshot/app-switcher protection (NATIVE).
  • Private key theft — keys in Secure Enclave/Keystore-wrapped vault; minimal time in memory.
  • Malicious apps — OS sandbox, no exported components, integrity checks (NATIVE).
  • Clipboard hijacking — remember copied value, warn on change, never auto-replace.
  • Address poisoning — whole-address similarity vs history/address book, warning before send.
  • Phishing — domain intelligence, dApp connection screen shows exact origin.
  • Wallet drainers — simulation, unlimited-approval and Permit warnings.
  • Malicious dApps — explicit per-session permissions, decoded signing.
  • Fake tokens / spam NFTs — verified-token lists, spam flags, hide/report.
  • RPC manipulation — multi-provider, chain ID check, simulation cross-check.
  • Transaction substitution — show what is signed, sign the exact reviewed payload.
  • Supply-chain attacks — lockfiles, dependency scanning, signed builds, SBOM.
  • Malicious dependencies — minimal deps, audited crypto libs only.
  • Deep-link attacks — strict parser, https-only dApp links, confirmation required.
  • Man-in-the-middle — TLS everywhere, certificate pinning on mobile.
  • Rooted/jailbroken devices — risk detection and warning (NATIVE).
  • Extension attacks — MV3, minimal permissions, isolated vault, origin checks.
  • XSS — React escaping, no untrusted HTML, strict CSP.
  • CSRF — token-based auth, SameSite cookies, no cookie auth on mutation APIs.
  • CSP failures — CSP reporting, nonce-based scripts.
  • Server credential leaks — secret manager, rotation, no secrets in code.
  • Insider threats — no backend path to keys; admin RBAC and audit logs.
  • Logging leaks — redaction middleware blocks seed, key, PIN, keystore fields.

Items marked NATIVE must be implemented as audited native code (Swift, Kotlin, Rust or C++), not in the web app.